MOTIVATION AND
PERFORMANCE IN THE PUBLIC SECTOR
(A CASE STUDY OF
NIGERIAN TELEVISION AUTHORITY - CHANNEL 6, ABA, ABIA STATE)
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to
the Study
Motivation
has always been a central problem for leaders and managers. Unmotivated workers
are likely to spend time or no effort in their job, resulting in low quality
work that they will willingly undertake. There have been a lot of research done
on motivation and performance by many scholars, but the problem is that every an employee in the public sector does not perform maximally in their workplace.
Many
things can be said to answer these questions, the reality is that every employee
has different ways to become motivated. Employers need to know their workers
very well and use a different kind of motivation depending on their needs and
performance.
According
to Webster dictionary, motivation is defined as something that drives people to
action motivation varies in different people. Motivation emerges in current
theories out of needs, values, goals, intentions, and expectations, because
motivation comes from within, managers need to cultivate and direct the
motivation according to the need of the employee.
According
to Frederick Herzberg, who conducted studies on workers motivation in the
1950’s, he developed the motivation-hygiene theory of workers satisfaction and
dissatisfaction. This incredible research concluded that hygiene benefit and
working condition can prevent dissatisfaction but they do not motivate the
workers. He found that motivation such as recognition, giving or
responsibility, advancement; increase satisfaction from the workplace can motivate
people towards greater effort and performance.
According
to Charles C.U. (1989), the Nigerian Television Authority (NTA) was inaugurated
in 1977 and is a body in-charge of television broadcasting in the country. The
(NTA) runs the biggest television network in Africa with stations in several
parts of Nigeria. According to him, the staff of (NTA) since that number of years
had never been adequately motivated which contribute to the low performance of a worker in the establishment.
1.2 Statement of
Problem
The
research focuses on the motivation and performance in the public sector which
characterized a lot of attributes in the works behavior in Nigeria Television
Authority, Aba. The research based on workers motivation in the public sector
and the inherent problem identified is that many employers do not motivate
their staff adequately and this has affected their level of performance in
their workplace. It is based on this problem of lack of motivation that this
project was undertaken to find the motivation technique that can enhance staff
productivity in (NTA), Aba.
1.3 Purpose of
the Study
The main purpose of this study was to examine the impact of motivation on workers
performance in the public sector, but will specifically find out the following:
i. To find out the extent to which reward influences the level of
workers performance in the public sector.
ii. To identify the types of incentives that can influence the
level of performance in the public sector.
iii. To find out the extent to which promotion can influence the
level of workers’ performance in the public sector.
1.4 Research
Questions
To
this research work, the important research question that related to the purpose
of studying motivation and employees’ performance in the public sector is as
stated below:
1. Does the reward system improve the level of performance of works
in Nigeria Television Authority, Aba?
2. Could incentive sustain workers’ performance in the public
sector, (NTA)?
3. Does the promotion system improve the level of worker’s performance
in (NTA), Aba?
1.5 Research
Hypotheses
Three
hypotheses have been formulated to guide the research in this project, they
include:
Ho1: There is no significant influence of reward on
the performance level of workers in the public sector.
Ho1: There is no significant influence of workers
incentives on workers performance in the public sector NTA, Aba.
Ho1: There is no significant influence of promotion
on the performance level of workers in the Nigeria Television Authority, Aba.
1.6 Significance
of the Study
The
researcher discovered that there are low levels of motivation in the
organization to their workers and this lead to workers low attention to the
organizational works and make the organization not to improve in their
performance level.
These
are because the effort of the works by so doing can be enhanced if they are aware
of the fact that there will be some kinds of reward for them.
It
is hoped that this study will attribute immensely to the result of studying
already undertaken on motivation and workers’ performance in the public sector.
Workers as actual executors of the work of the civil service might find this as
a base for adjusting to the demand of their duties.
1.7 Delimitation
of the Study
The research focused on the motivation and workers’ performance in the public
sector. The delimitation of this study is Nigeria Television Authority (NTA),
Channel 6 – Aba. As such, the findings of the study cannot be generalized to
other advertising channels in Nigeria.
1.8 Definition of
Terms
For
the purpose of this study, some of the operational terms or words are defined
as follows:
Motivation:
is seen as the act or process of giving someone a reason for doing something or
the act of stimulating people to act, to achieve in a better way any stated objective.
Performance:
is the accomplishment of a given task measured against presently known standards
of accuracy, completeness, cost, and speed.
Public Sector: public the sector as used in the study is seen as a portion of an economic system that is
controlled by the national state or provincial and Local Government.
Management:
is the process of getting activities completed efficiently and effectively with
and through other people.
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