CLASS SIZE AND TEACHERS’
EFFECTIVENESS IN
TEACHING OF CHEMISTRY IN NSIT UBIUM LOCAL
ABSTRACT
The study was designed
to examine the class size and teachers’ effectiveness in teaching chemistry in
Nsit Ubium local government area. The total population comprises all the
chemistry teachers in all the twelve (12) public secondary schools in the study
area. Simple balloting was used to sample out ten (10) public secondary
schools. Simple random sampling technique was used to select twenty (20)
teachers from the ten (10) schools used in the study. Each school contributed
two (2) teachers. The instrument used for the collection of Data was researched questionnaire title. Class size and teachers’ effectiveness (CSTEQ). Pearson
product-moment correlation (PPMC) was used to analyzed the collected data. The result
of findings showed that class size has a significant relationship with
teachers’ effectiveness in the teaching of chemistry. From the findings, it is
recommended that: classroom should be made comfortable for students and
teachers to promote effective teaching and learning also government should
employ more teachers to help reduce workload due to overpopulated class
size.
CHAPTER
ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1
Background
to the study
Education is a tool for nation
development, the skills, knowledge, and values seen in any society is made
possible by the teachers who impacted them upon the students.
Researches over the years have however
proven that educational environment can affect the effectiveness of students knowledge
and skill development which could eventually mark the development of a given
society. The classroom is the place in the school where the students spent most of
their time. when the classroom is not conducive enough, it creates problems to
the learners and the teachers, this is why Nina (2007) maintains that in smaller
class size, teachers interact with individual students more frequently and use
a greater variety of instructional strategies. Furthermore, small class size
can create more opportunities for higher-order co-construction of meaning by
students. They may also spend out – of – classroom work time on more creative
planning and less on routine making, and they may interact more frequently with
other teachers and adult in support of classroom teaching. Edge (2005) in his the study identified the following as problems associated with classroom congestion: The
provision of an opportunity for discussion or for any kind of oral input to the
written work is difficult, the amount of involvement in the teaching process can
dissuade even the unenthusiastic teachers if the classes are very large. over
enrolment in schools result to the problem of classroom congestion; this is exampled
in Akwa Ibom State, where education is made free and compulsory to its citizens
and the effort of the government to provide schools with the necessary human and
other educational facilities are insufficient, this, therefore, resulted in overcrowding
in schools and overpopulation in the classroom as against the prescription of National
policy on Education (2004) which prescribed that the number of students in a class should not exceed thirty, but in many schools in Akwa Ibom State, the average number of class size exceeds a hundred. Hence, this affects teacher
effectiveness and has a negative effect on the academic performance of students
in many subjects including chemistry. it is very important especially in the nation
like ours that is struggling to meet up in technological development to ensure
that all defect in the educational system including classroom congestion is remedied.
The classroom size does not only affect students’ behavior but tends to
support teachers believe that they can teach more competently and effectively in
smaller classes. In smaller classes, students learn more effectively and
associate meaningfully, they are more engaged and less disruptive. In support
of the assertion, Bassett and Brown (2011) opened that smaller class size leads to
better academic outcomes behavior and interaction. By comparing the effect class
size has no class engagement between students and teachers, a study conducted
by Fabunmi and Okore (2000) point out the relationship between average class
size and academic performance. The researcher used both Pearson product-moment
correlation and spearman rank correlation to test the only hypothesis which
was formulated. The analysis which was done with Pearson moment correlation revealed on the negative and low relationship but that of Spearman rank correlation
revealed a significant and positive relationship between average class size and
students academic performance.
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The conclusion rendered the factor of
class size as hiring any significant effect on students’ academic performance
inconclusive. Hence, the researcher dim it necessary to investigate the
variable class size and academic performance of students in chemistry in Nist
Ubium Local Government Area.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
Academic
performance of students in the measurement of educational attainment of
students in a particular subject that is designated by fest, assignment or
examination. If teachers are not effective, it will manifest in students poor
academic performance. It is noticed that the academic performance of students in science
subjects including chemistry are very poor in an external examination such as WAEC
and NECO, the ministry of education (2001). many factors have been accused,
such as school variable, teachers’ effectiveness, and others, despite the effort
of the educational researcher in their contribution, in identifying these problems and
offer necessary recommendations, the academic performance of the student is still dragged–
feated resulting from the ineffectiveness of teachers hence, the researcher decided
to find the study of the class size that could be responsible for the teachers’
effectiveness in chemistry in Nist Ubium Local Government Area.
1.3 Purpose of the study
The main purpose of this study is to find out the influence od class size, and
effectiveness in teaching of chemistry in Nist Ubium Local Government Area.
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08087999974
1.
Find out the influence of small class
size on teachers effectiveness in teaching of chemistry in Nist Ubium Local
Government Area.
2.
Examine the effect of large class size
on teachers’ effectiveness in teaching of chemistry in Nist Ubium Local
Government Area.
3.
Find out teachers’ perspective on class
size and students’ academic achievement in chemistry in Nist Ubium Local
Government Area.
1.4 Significance of the Study
The
study of this kind is very important as such some of the areas to which the
study would be significant are:
The government would find the study
significant as the recommendations in the study will puffed solutions to classroom
size as sufficient fund will be provided by the government to raise the standard
of the school.
The teachers would benefit from this study
as the recommendation would suggest the way to manage congested class size.
Students would understand the need for
adjusting to situations that might not be very comfortable so as to improve
their academic achievement.
College libraries would be enriched with
resource materials as part of this work shall be left in her bookshelf.
1.5 Research Questions
The researcher formulated three research questions to guide the study:
1.
To what extent does small class size
influence teachers effectiveness in teaching of chemistry?
2.
How does large class size affect
teachers effectiveness in teaching of chemistry?
3.
What is the teachers’ perspective on
class size and students’ academic achievement in chemistry?
1.6 Limitation of the study
The researcher was faced with problems which contributed to the limitation of this
study; such problem includes:
1.
Time constraint: The time allows for the
completion of this work was very limited.
2.
Financial: The researcher was faced with
financial difficulty which contributed to the unitary completion of this
work.
3.
Respondent: The respondent were biased
in answering the research questions; this result to de – validation, and generalization
of the result of findings.
1.7 Delimitation of the study
The study covers only class size and teachers effectiveness in teaching of
chemistry in Nist Ubium Local Government Area. The study concentrated on only
the chemistry teachers in the study area.
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1.8 Definition of terms
The terms used in the study are defined
as follows:
1.
Class size: Contextually is refers to
the teachers’ students ratio.
2.
Teachers’ effectiveness: It is referred to
how effective teachers are in managing classroom size (small or large).
3.
Large class: This refers to the class size
that is more than the average.
4.
Small class: This refers to the class size
that is less than the average.
5.
Teachers’ perspective: This refers to
teachers’ views towards class size on students performance in chemistry.
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