Parenting Styles And Academic Performance Of Students In Government
CHAPTER
ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the Study
Family is the fundamental
and important structure of the society that has an important role in one’s life
and in the society. The important of the family as a social structure is
something unmistakable. Although affected by society and peers, children are
more influenced by the family. The influence of the family on the children and
its role in academic achievement is very great and important.
Correct and balanced
relationship between parents and their children is one of the factors
influencing both their physical and mental health. Interaction between,
children and how parents communicate with their children are considered to be
the most important and fundamental factors among the various factors that affect
children’s development.
According to Ekanem (2004),
education of the child begins from the home. He observed the home as the
primary agent of socialization of the child. It is believed that the family
from which a child is brought up has an influence on his or her development and
academic achievement. The family is the natural entity that best protects
children and provides condition necessary for their development (Johnson 2007).
The child is entitled to
care, security and an upbringing that is respectful of his or her person and
individuality. The primary responsibility of the parents is upbringing and
developing the children. The parents also have the principal responsibility to
ensure the child an adequate standard of living. The social climate or environment
in which an individual finds him/her to a large extent determines his/her
behavior, personality and academic achievement (Ekanem, 2004). Consequently,
parental guidance and discipline usually influence the behavior and academic
achievement of the child.
Bank (2004) found that
student’s academic achievement depends on the family he comes from. He observed
the family as the fulcrum around which the development of the child revolves.
The central figures in the family are the parents while child bearing and child
rearing cannot be divorced one from the other, the type of child rearing
practiced in a family, has a tremendous impact on the entire life of the child
including his or her academic life.
It is noticeable, that the
style of parenting adopted in a family can determine the academic achievement and
how the child will adjust to the society emotionally. Parenting style goes a
long way in determining how the child sees his or herself, perception
concerning physical, social and psychological aspiration.
1.2 Statement
of the Problem
Over
the years, students have been performing poorly in Government in Secondary
Schools in Etinan Local Government Area. This poor performance has been
attributed to many factors including; learning environment, gender,
socio-economic status of parents, and study habit of the learners among others
(Udoh, 2004). However, Udoh (2004) fail to relate the poor academic performance
of students in Etinan Local Government Area with parenting styles.
Therefore,
against this backdrop is this study seeking to investigate if the poor academic
performance of students in Government in Etinan Local Government Area can also
be attributed to parenting styles.
1.3 Purpose of the Study
The
main purpose of the study is to investigate the influence of parenting styles
on the academic performance of students in Government in Etinan Local
Government Area. Specifically, the study was aimed at the following:
(i) To
investigate the influence of Authoritative style of parenting on academic performance
of students in Government in Etinan Local Government Area.
(ii) To
investigate the influence of permissive style of parenting on academic
performance of students in Government in Etinan Local Government Area.
1.4 Significance
of the study
The
findings of the study will be significant to parents, teachers and students as
follows:
(i) It will
benefit parents in learning how their parenting styles influence their
children’s performance in school.
(ii) Teachers
will be made aware of importance of learning the parenting styles that a
student goes through in order to avoid poor performance.
(iii) The study
will also benefit other students in the field with the literature to support
their argument and hence improved knowledge.
1.5 Research Questions
The
following research questions are formulated to guide the study:
(i) To what
extent does Authoritative style of parenting influence academic performance of
students in Government?
(ii) To what
extent does Permissive style of parenting influence academic performance of
students in Government?
1.6 Research Hypotheses
The
following null hypotheses were formulated to guide the study:
(i) There is no
significant relationship between Authoritative style of parenting and good
academic performance of students in Government.
(ii) There is no
significant relationship between Permissive style of parenting and poor
academic performance of students in Government.
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